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IMPROVEMENT lIII LAND-Romans.

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TO ALL WHOM ITv MAY CONCERN I Be it known that I, E. F. OLDs, ofLyon, in the county of Oakland, and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Land-Rollers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and complete description of the construction andoperatiovnA of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side view of the roller.

Figure 2 is an end view.

Figure 3 is a view of the top. I

Figure 4 is a detached transverse section.

Figures 5 and 6 are detached sections.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several views.

A, iig. 8, is a frame, in which is placed a pair ot' rollers, B, each one having its own separate shaft, thel inner ends of which are journalled to a central cross-piece, C, iig. 4. This cross-piece is not.directly attached to the side rails of the frame A, but to vertical posts D, which form the ends of an oblong square frame placed across the frame 1A, between the rollers, and of which frame, 'E is the upper4 rail or side, and C the lower.

Notches are cut on the inner side of the side rails of the frame A, and in which the posts are loosely tted, so

that the frame or cross-head, of which they form the ends, is allowed to move upward and downward, and which is guided yin its vertical movements by a guiderod,'F, and atanchions G; the purpose of which vertical move ment will hereafter be shown. Upon the top of the frame A is erected a supplementary frame, H, figs. 1 and 2, on the top of which isiixed a disk, I. To the centre of this disk is pivoted 'the tongucor shaft J, Vby which the roller is drawn. K is a lever, pivoted to the side of the tongue, and by means of which the tongue is retained in its proper position, as will hereafter be shown. -L are casterwheels, so placed that they will roll over the Space or blank left between the two rollers. These caster-wheels arevattached to the framelby having their Shanks projected through the lrail, and in which they turn. lM is a spiral spring, surrounding the shank of the wheel, and upon which the frame rests, and is supported in a horizontal position.

The practical operation of this roller is as follows, viz: The driver takes his place upon the seat N, anddrives o across the eld. The blank left between the rollers is rolled down bythe caster-wheel immediately following7 thereby leaving no part of the ground unrolled over which the machine has passed. Should the roller not be heavy enough for the ground, it can be loaded by placing stones in the boxes 0,"and thus regulate the weight of the roller to the nature of` the land. As the machine passes over uneven ground, as ridges and hollows, the rollers adapt themselves to the unevenness by their inner ends moving upward or downward in the I cross-head or frame above described; thereby all the ground is pressed equally by the rollers as-they'pass over it. Also by the tension ofthe springs M, the weight of the machine is lessened upon the casters when the. rolle'r passes over narrow hollows, as dead furrows, irc., and thereby prevents the wheels from cutting into the ground and leaving it rough. In order to turn around for recrossing the field, the driver depresses the upper arm of the lever K, which throws the lower end from a notch in which it is made to engage,'which allows the tongue to turn upon the disk until it reaches the dpposite side, at which time the lever drops into'the notch P, corresponding in position to the one from which it had just been removed. The rolleris then backed onto the unrolled ground, thereby leaving no unrolledheadlands or banks `to be gone over when the rest of the iieldvis iinished.' l

Fig. 5 is a cast-iron head for a roller, to which the staves or segments comprising the roller are screwed, as shown in iig. 6. This head maybe used with a cast-iron gudgeon or a wrought-iron axle running through it. The roller may be used with=or without the disk I,spring and lever attached to said disk, and in case the disk is notnsed, the tongue or shaft J may be connected to the frame atC in the usual way. lWhen this is done, one caster-wheel will be suilicient, as it will be needed only to roll what is left between the two rollers, and may be a caster or weighted wheel, as may be found most practical, and vattached to the frame behind; also the seat may be arranged in the usual way over the centre of the roller. VThe machine may be constructed with one roller, in place of two, in which case the adjustable crossLhead or frame E may be arranged at each end of the frame A, in relation to the roller, so as to operate substantially the same as with two rollers, VThe machine may be alsoso arranged that one roller may be connected with the frame A without the adjustment of the cross-head, in which case the-journals of the rollers will be placed in boxes in the frame, and the .disk I, with the leverspring attached, by which means the machine will operate with one roller alone, without the adjusting crosshead. By the use of the diskthere will b o no need of turning around the roller as stated. This is more important in a single than in a double roller.

-What I claim as my improvement, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, iss- 1. Hanging the rollers by means of their shafts or gudgeonsto a central adjusting-frame, so constructed and arranged that said rollers may be weighted more or less on either side by means of said frame, and the rollers rendered self-adjustable to the surface of the ground, as andfor the purpose substantially as set forth.

2. The central adjustable fra-me E, constructed so as to be Weighted, in combination with the rollers B, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

3. The caster-wheels L and springs M, in combination with the frame C and rollers, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. l

E. F. OLDS.

Witnesses WILLIM DUNCAN, PRUDENGE DUNCAN. 

